The special rules

Try it on the board

Uchifuzume: mate by dropping a pawn

You may give check by dropping a pawn from your hand. What you may not do is give mate that way. If the pawn drop would be checkmate, the move is illegal - and any other piece is allowed to deliver exactly that same mate.

The rule covers only a pawn coming from the hand. A pawn already on the board may advance and mate as normal, and so may a tokin.

Repetition, impasse and the stuck piece

The other three are bookkeeping rules rather than board rules:

Draws are vanishingly rare in shogi, around one game in a hundred. Since no piece ever leaves the game, someone can almost always keep attacking.

• Sennichite (千日手): the same position four times over is a draw - unless it came from perpetual check, in which case the side giving the checks loses.
• Jishogi: if both kings reach enemy territory and neither can be mated, the game is decided on points (5 for rook and bishop, 1 for anything else).
• No-move squares: pawn and lance on the last rank, knight on the last two, must promote and can never be dropped there.
• Resignation (投了, toryo): the normal ending of a game at any level.

Resigning is a rule too

When the position is lost, the player says "makemashita" - I have lost - and the game ends there. That is how the overwhelming majority of shogi games finish, professional ones included.

It is not defeatism, it is the etiquette of the game. Playing on to mate when there is nothing left to try is treated as disrespect for your opponent and their time.